Protecting Against Silica Dust: Essential Measures and Respiratory Solutions

Silica (Silicon dioxide) is commonly found in stone, rocks, and sand, and it's a significant part of many construction materials like concrete, bricks, tiles, and mortar. When these materials are cut, drilled, or polished, they produce a fine dust known as respirable crystalline silica (RCS) that can deeply penetrate the lungs when inhaled. Since RCS particles are invisible, workers may inhale high concentrations without realizing it.

Silicosis

Silicosis is an irreversible and progressive lung disease caused by exposure to RCS, putting at risk around 600,000 workers in the UK, mostly in construction. It permanently damages the lungs and is linked to 500 direct deaths in the UK per year and a further 4000 deaths annually from silicosis-related COPD, according to a BOHS study. However, it's entirely preventable. Employers can protect their workers by monitoring dust levels, reducing RCS exposure, educating workers, and providing quality respiratory PPE. These steps not only keep workers safe but also save money for companies and the economy.

At-Risk Industries

Industries particularly vulnerable to silica exposure include:

Construction
Mining, quarrying
Pottery and glass manufacturing
Stone Masonry
Stone cutting
Worktop manufacturing
Sandblasting

Implementing Control Measures

UK regulations require employers to:

Assess risks and keep records for larger workforces.
Use materials with lower RCS content when possible.
Control RCS exposure.
Educate workers about risks and prevention.
Provide proper respiratory PPE.

Workers should be trained to use, check, and clean their gear regularly. They should also report any issues with their equipment to supervisors.

Choosing a Respirator for Silica Dust Exposure

Ensuring the right fit is crucial when selecting a respirator for silica exposure. Different workers may require different sizes, so supervisors should offer a range of options. For workers with facial hair, it's important to choose a respirator that fully covers the face to prevent air from leaking around the mask's edges.